trimesh.path.path
path.py
A module designed to work with vector paths such as those stored in a DXF or SVG file.
- class trimesh.path.path.Path(entities=None, vertices=None, metadata=None, process=True, colors=None, **kwargs)
Bases:
GeometryA Path object consists of vertices and entities. Vertices are a simple (n, dimension) float array of points in space.
Entities are a list of objects representing geometric primitives, such as Lines, Arcs, BSpline, etc. All entities reference vertices by index, so any transform applied to the simple vertex array is applied to the entity.
- __init__(entities=None, vertices=None, metadata=None, process=True, colors=None, **kwargs)
Instantiate a path object.
- Parameters
entities ((m,) trimesh.path.entities.Entity) – Contains geometric entities
vertices ((n, dimension) float) – The vertices referenced by entities
metadata (dict) – Any metadata about the path
process (bool) – Run simple cleanup or not
- apply_layer(name)
Apply a layer name to every entity in the path.
- Parameters
name (str) – Apply layer name to every entity
- apply_transform(transform)
Apply a transformation matrix to the current path in- place
- Parameters
transform ((d+1, d+1) float) – Homogeneous transformations for vertices
- property bounds
Return the axis aligned bounding box of the current path.
- Returns
bounds – AABB with (min, max) coordinates
- Return type
(2, dimension) float
- property centroid
Return the centroid of axis aligned bounding box enclosing all entities of the path object.
- Returns
centroid – Approximate centroid of the path
- Return type
(d,) float
- property colors
Colors are stored per-entity.
- Returns
colors – RGBA colors for each entity
- Return type
(len(entities), 4) uint8
- convert_units(desired, guess=False)
Convert the units of the current drawing in place.
- Parameters
desired (str) – Unit system to convert to
guess (bool) – If True will attempt to guess units
- copy()
Get a copy of the current mesh
- Returns
copied – Copy of self
- Return type
Path object
- property dangling
List of entities that aren’t included in a closed path
- Returns
dangling – Index of self.entities
- Return type
(n,) int
- property discrete
A sequence of connected vertices in space, corresponding to self.paths.
- Returns
discrete – A sequence of (m*, dimension) float
- Return type
(len(self.paths),)
- discretize_path(path)
Given a list of entities, return a list of connected points.
- Parameters
path ((n,) int) – Indexes of self.entities
- Returns
discrete – Linear segment path.
- Return type
(m, dimension)
- property entities
The actual entities making up the path.
- Returns
entities – Entities such as Line, Arc, or BSpline curves
- Return type
- explode()
Turn every multi- segment entity into single segment entities in- place.
- export(file_obj=None, file_type=None, **kwargs)
Export the path to a file object or return data.
- Parameters
file_obj (None, str, or file object) – File object or string to export to
file_type (None or str) – Type of file: dxf, dict, svg
- Returns
exported – Exported as specified type
- Return type
bytes or str
- property extents
The size of the axis aligned bounding box.
- Returns
extents – Edge length of AABB
- Return type
(dimension,) float
- fill_gaps(distance=0.025)
Find vertices without degree 2 and try to connect to other vertices. Operations are done in-place.
- Parameters
distance (float) – Connect vertices up to this distance
- property is_closed
Are all entities connected to other entities.
- Returns
closed – Every entity is connected at its ends
- Return type
bool
- property is_empty
Are any entities defined for the current path.
- Returns
empty – True if no entities are defined
- Return type
bool
- property kdtree
A KDTree object holding the vertices of the path.
- Returns
kdtree – Object holding self.vertices
- Return type
scipy.spatial.cKDTree
- property layers
Get a list of the layer for every entity.
- Returns
layers – Whatever is stored in each entity.layer
- Return type
(len(entities), ) any
- property length
The total discretized length of every entity.
- Returns
length – Summed length of every entity
- Return type
float
- merge_vertices(digits=None)
Merges vertices which are identical and replace references by altering self.entities and self.vertices
- Parameters
digits (None, or int) – How many digits to consider when merging vertices
- property paths
Sequence of closed paths, encoded by entity index.
- Returns
paths – Referencing self.entities
- Return type
(n,) sequence of (*,) int
- process()
Apply basic cleaning functions to the Path object in- place.
- property referenced_vertices
Which vertices are referenced by an entity.
- Returns
referenced_vertices
- Return type
(n,) int, indexes of self.vertices
- remove_duplicate_entities()
Remove entities that are duplicated
Notes
self.entities: length same or shorter
- remove_entities(entity_ids)
Remove entities by index.
- Parameters
entity_ids ((n,) int) – Indexes of self.entities to remove
- remove_invalid()
Remove entities which declare themselves invalid
Notes
self.entities: shortened
- remove_unreferenced_vertices()
Removes all vertices which aren’t used by an entity.
Notes
self.vertices : reordered and shortened self.entities : entity.points references updated
- replace_vertex_references(mask)
Replace the vertex index references in every entity.
- Parameters
mask ((len(self.vertices), ) int) – Contains new vertex indexes
Notes
- entity.points in self.entities
Replaced by mask[entity.points]
- rezero()
Translate so that every vertex is positive in the current mesh is positive.
- Returns
matrix – Homogeneous transformations that was applied to the current Path object.
- Return type
(dimension + 1, dimension + 1) float
- property scale
What is a representitive number that reflects the magnitude of the world holding the paths, for numerical comparisons.
- Returns
scale – Approximate size of the world holding this path
- Return type
float
- scene()
Get a scene object containing the current Path3D object.
- Returns
scene
- Return type
trimesh.scene.Scene object containing current path
- to_dict()
- property units
If there are units defined in self.metadata return them.
- Returns
units – Current unit system
- Return type
str
- property vertex_graph
Return a networkx.Graph object for the entity connectiviy
- graphnetworkx.Graph
Holds vertex indexes
- property vertex_nodes
Get a list of which vertex indices are nodes, which are either endpoints or points where the entity makes a direction change.
- Returns
nodes – Indexes of self.vertices which are nodes
- Return type
(n, 2) int
- property vertices
- class trimesh.path.path.Path2D(entities=None, vertices=None, metadata=None, process=True, colors=None, **kwargs)
Bases:
PathHold multiple vector curves (lines, arcs, splines, etc) in 3D.
- apply_obb()
Transform the current path so that its OBB is axis aligned and OBB center is at the origin.
- Returns
obb – Homogeneous transformation matrix
- Return type
(3, 3) float
- apply_scale(scale)
Apply a 2D scale to the current Path2D.
- Parameters
scale (float or (2,) float) – Scale to apply in-place.
- property area
Return the area of the polygons interior.
- Returns
area – Total area of polygons minus interiors
- Return type
float
- property body_count
Returns a count of the number of unconnected polygons that may contain other curves but aren’t contained themselves.
- Returns
body_count – Number of unconnected independent polygons.
- Return type
int
- connected_paths(path_id, include_self=False)
Given an index of self.paths find other paths which overlap with that path.
- Parameters
path_id (int) – Index of self.paths
include_self (bool) – Should the result include path_id or not
- Returns
path_ids – Indexes of self.paths that overlap input path_id
- Return type
(n, ) int
- property enclosure
Undirected graph object of polygon enclosure.
- Returns
enclosure – Enclosure graph of self.polygons by index.
- Return type
networkx.Graph
- property enclosure_directed
Directed graph of polygon enclosure.
- Returns
enclosure_directed – Directed graph: child nodes are fully contained by their parent node.
- Return type
networkx.DiGraph
- property enclosure_shell
A dictionary of path indexes which are ‘shell’ paths, and values of ‘hole’ paths.
- Returns
corresponding – {index of self.paths of shell : [indexes of holes]}
- Return type
dict
- extrude(height, **kwargs)
Extrude the current 2D path into a 3D mesh.
- Parameters
height (float, how far to extrude the profile) –
kwargs (passed directly to meshpy.triangle.build:) –
- triangle.build(mesh_info,
verbose=False, refinement_func=None, attributes=False, volume_constraints=True, max_volume=None, allow_boundary_steiner=True, allow_volume_steiner=True, quality_meshing=True, generate_edges=None, generate_faces=False, min_angle=None)
- Returns
mesh
- Return type
trimesh object representing extruded polygon
- property identifier
A unique identifier for the path.
- Returns
identifier – Unique identifier
- Return type
(5,) float
- property identifier_hash
Return a hash of the identifier.
- Returns
hashed – Hashed identifier.
- Return type
str
- property identifier_md5
- medial_axis(resolution=None, clip=None)
Find the approximate medial axis based on a voronoi diagram of evenly spaced points on the boundary of the polygon.
- Parameters
resolution (None or float) – Distance between each sample on the polygon boundary
clip (None, or (2,) float) – Min, max number of samples
- Returns
medial – Contains only medial axis of Path
- Return type
Path2D object
- property obb
Get a transform that centers and aligns the OBB of the referenced vertices with the XY axis.
- Returns
obb – Homogeneous transformation matrix
- Return type
(3, 3) float
- property path_valid
- returns: path_valid – Indexes of self.paths self.polygons_closed
which are valid polygons.
- Return type
(n,) bool
- plot_discrete(show=False, annotations=True)
Plot the closed curves of the path.
- plot_entities(show=False, annotations=True, color=None)
Plot the entities of the path with no notion of topology.
- Parameters
show (bool) – Open a window immediately or not
annotations (bool) – Call an entities custom plot function.
color (str) – Override entity colors and make them all this color.
- property polygons_closed
Cycles in the vertex graph, as shapely.geometry.Polygons. These are polygon objects for every closed circuit, with no notion of whether a polygon is a hole or an area. Every polygon in this list will have an exterior, but NO interiors.
- Returns
polygons_closed
- Return type
(n,) list of shapely.geometry.Polygon objects
- property polygons_full
A list of shapely.geometry.Polygon objects with interiors created by checking which closed polygons enclose which other polygons.
- Returns
full – Polygons containing interiors
- Return type
(len(self.root),) shapely.geometry.Polygon
- rasterize(pitch, origin, resolution=None, fill=True, width=None, **kwargs)
Rasterize a Path2D object into a boolean image (“mode 1”).
- Parameters
pitch (float or (2,) float) – Length(s) in model space of pixel edges
origin ((2,) float) – Origin position in model space
resolution ((2,) int) – Resolution in pixel space
fill (bool) – If True will return closed regions as filled
width (int) – If not None will draw outline this wide (pixels)
- Returns
raster – Rasterized version of closed regions.
- Return type
PIL.Image object, mode 1
- property root
Which indexes of self.paths/self.polygons_closed are root curves, also known as ‘shell’ or ‘exterior.
- Returns
root – List of indexes
- Return type
(n,) int
- sample(count, **kwargs)
Use rejection sampling to generate random points inside a polygon.
- Parameters
count (int) – Number of points to return If there are multiple bodies, there will be up to count * bodies points returned
factor (float) – How many points to test per loop IE, count * factor
max_iter (int,) – Maximum number of intersection loops to run, total points sampled is count * factor * max_iter
- Returns
hit – Random points inside polygon
- Return type
(n, 2) float
- show(annotations=True)
Plot the current Path2D object using matplotlib.
- simplify(**kwargs)
Return a version of the current path with colinear segments merged, and circles entities replacing segmented circular paths.
- Returns
simplified
- Return type
Path2D object
- simplify_spline(smooth=0.0002, verbose=False)
Convert paths into b-splines.
- Parameters
smooth (float) – How much the spline should smooth the curve
verbose (bool) – Print detailed log messages
- Returns
simplified – Discrete curves replaced with splines
- Return type
- split(**kwargs)
If the current Path2D consists of n ‘root’ curves, split them into a list of n Path2D objects
- Returns
split – Each connected region and interiors
- Return type
(n,) list of Path2D objects
- to_3D(transform=None)
Convert 2D path to 3D path on the XY plane.
- Parameters
transform ((4, 4) float) – If passed, will transform vertices. If not passed and ‘to_3D’ is in self.metadata that transform will be used.
- Returns
path_3D – 3D version of current path
- Return type
- triangulate(**kwargs)
Create a region- aware triangulation of the 2D path.
- Parameters
**kwargs (dict) – Passed to trimesh.creation.triangulate_polygon
- Returns
vertices ((n, 2) float) – 2D vertices of triangulation
faces ((n, 3) int) – Indexes of vertices for triangles
- class trimesh.path.path.Path3D(entities=None, vertices=None, metadata=None, process=True, colors=None, **kwargs)
Bases:
PathHold multiple vector curves (lines, arcs, splines, etc) in 3D.
- show(**kwargs)
Show the current Path3D object.
- to_planar(to_2D=None, normal=None, check=True)
Check to see if current vectors are all coplanar.
If they are, return a Path2D and a transform which will transform the 2D representation back into 3 dimensions
- Parameters
to_2D ((4,4) float) – Homogeneous transformation matrix to apply, If not passed a plane will be fitted to vertices.
normal ((3,) float, or None) – Approximate normal of direction of plane If to_2D is not specified sign will be applied to fit plane normal
check (bool) – If True: Raise a ValueError if points aren’t coplanar
- Returns
planar (trimesh.path.Path2D) – Current path transformed onto plane
to_3D ((4,4) float) – Homeogenous transformations to move planar back into 3D space